第两百二十四章 对暹罗的政策

曼谷王朝初期<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134806315.png)'></span>君主继续实行等级森严的“萨克迪纳”制<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134806315.png)'></span>加强中央集权统治<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134757413.png)'></span>同时也对旧的徭役制度和税收制度进行改革<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134757413.png)'></span>主要措施是减少服徭役时间和增加实物税的项目,因此人身依附得以减轻由于吞武里、曼谷及其附近地区的开发<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134806315.png)'></span>湄南河三角洲肥沃平原被开拓为新的农业耕作区<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134806315.png)'></span>水稻耕植面积逐渐扩大<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134806315.png)'></span>甘蔗、胡椒的种植也发展起来<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134806315.png)'></span>制糖、制盐和金属加工工业也随之兴起<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134806315.png)'></span>航海、造船以及与之相适应的木材开采加工工业也随着对外贸易的发达而发展起来<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134757413.png)'></span>贸易和生产的发展吸引了中国南方尤其是广东沿海居民前来谋生<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134806315.png)'></span>这些中国侨民受到当地居民和政府的欢迎<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134757413.png)'></span>

近现代<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134806315.png)'></span>曼谷王朝传至第四代君王蒙固王<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134806315.png)'></span>或称马古大帝（即拉玛四世<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134806315.png)'></span>1851～1868在位）时代<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134806315.png)'></span>亚洲两个文明古国印度和中国已沦为西方列强的殖民地和半殖民地<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134806315.png)'></span>蒙固王屈从于英国的压力<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134806315.png)'></span>于1855年与英国政府代表J.鲍林签订了英暹通商条约<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134757413.png)'></span>条约破坏了暹罗传统的司法独立、关税自主和宫廷垄断对外贸易的政策<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134757413.png)'></span>其他西方列强也纷纷效法前来订约<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134806315.png)'></span>从此暹罗沦为半殖民地（见鲍林条约）<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134806315.png)'></span>同时因为西方国家的纷纷入侵<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134806315.png)'></span>曼谷王朝也不得不开始了国家开放政策<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134757413.png)'></span>

19世纪末至20世纪初<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134806315.png)'></span>英法两国已经分别在暹罗东西两边建立英属印度和法属印度支那殖民地<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134757413.png)'></span>1896年英法签订〈关于暹罗等地的宣言〉<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134806315.png)'></span>将暹罗列为两个殖民地之间的「缓冲国」<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134806315.png)'></span>其后英法于1904年划定势力范围：湄南河以东为法国势力范围<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134806315.png)'></span>以西为英国势力范围<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134757413.png)'></span>暹罗虽然没有成为列强殖民地<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134806315.png)'></span>例外地成为东南亚地区中唯一在政治上保持独立的国家<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134806315.png)'></span>但是它已处在西方势力的团团包围之中<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134806315.png)'></span>仍然受到英法的诸多压制<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134757413.png)'></span>

第五代君王拉玛五世即朱拉隆功大帝（1868年～1910年在位）顺应历史发展潮流<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134806315.png)'></span>借鉴西方国家经验<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134806315.png)'></span>领导了一场近代化改革运动<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134806315.png)'></span>引进西方的行政、税收、教育和军事制度<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134806315.png)'></span>传统的“萨克迪纳”制为薪俸制所代替<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134806315.png)'></span>废除奴隶制<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134806315.png)'></span>国王聘请了外国顾问在政府各部门任职<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697134/12786725/-5292630980144273654.png)'></span>又选送青年到西方留学<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697134/12786725/-5292630980144273654.png)'></span>外交活动重心也倾向西方<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134757413.png)'></span>暹罗走上了向西方学习的道路（见朱拉隆功改革）<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134757413.png)'></span>西方政治思想的影响和1929～1933年世界经济危机对暹罗的打击<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697134/12786725/-5292630980144273654.png)'></span>导致了1932年　6月24日政变的爆发<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697134/12786725/-5292630980144273654.png)'></span>公元1932年6月<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697134/12786725/-5292630980144273654.png)'></span>在一次不流血革命后<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697134/12786725/-5292630980144273654.png)'></span>暹罗成为君主立宪制国家<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134757413.png)'></span>从此暹罗制定了宪法<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697134/12786725/-5292630980144273654.png)'></span>建立了君主立宪政体<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134757413.png)'></span>

在这次政变当中有一个人不得不提<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697134/12786725/-5292630980144273654.png)'></span>他就是暹罗的国防部长銮披汶·颂堪<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697134/12786725/-5292630980144273654.png)'></span>1897年7月14日生于暖武里府他拥有华裔血统<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697134/12786725/-5292630980144273654.png)'></span>祖籍中国广东潮州<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134757413.png)'></span>1916年毕业于曼谷陆军军官学校<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697134/12786725/-5292630980144273654.png)'></span>被授予少尉军衔<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134757413.png)'></span>后进曼谷参谋学校就读<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697134/12786725/-5292630980144273654.png)'></span>由于学业成绩优异被选送到法国留学<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134757413.png)'></span>在法期间<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697134/12786725/-5292630980144273654.png)'></span>受资产阶级民主思想影响<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697134/12786725/-5292630980144273654.png)'></span>主张改造泰国君主**政体<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697134/12786725/-5292630980144273654.png)'></span>参加比里·帕侬荣组织的“留法泰国同学会”<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134757413.png)'></span>1927年毕业回国<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697134/12786725/-5292630980144273654.png)'></span>晋升为少校<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697134/12786725/-5292630980144273654.png)'></span>任高炮防空部队总监局局长<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697134/12786725/-5292630980144273654.png)'></span>兼参谋军校战略专业讲师<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134757413.png)'></span>

1928年加入人民党<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134757413.png)'></span>参与泰国1932年政变<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134757413.png)'></span>遂被推荐为第一届内阁阁员<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134757413.png)'></span>1933年6月24日他在打退母汪缘亲王反政变的护宪斗争中表现了非凡的军事才能<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697134/12786725/-5292630980144273654.png)'></span>晋升上校<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134757413.png)'></span>1934年9月出任陆军副总司令和国防部长<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134757413.png)'></span>

1938年上台的銮披汶政府推行“大泰族主义政策”<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134757413.png)'></span>对内造成民族压迫<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697134/12786725/-5292630980144273654.png)'></span>对外被日本帝国主义所利用<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697134/12786725/-5292630980144273654.png)'></span>1941年12月7日<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697134/12786725/-5292630980144273654.png)'></span>日本发动太平洋战争<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697134/12786725/-5292630980144273654.png)'></span>銮披汶·颂堪政府在日本威胁利诱下签订了攻守同盟条约<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134757413.png)'></span>1942年1月25日又向英美宣战<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697134/12786725/-5292630980144273654.png)'></span>正式参加轴心国一方投入第二次世界大战<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697134/12786725/-5292630980144273654.png)'></span>战时<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697134/12786725/-5292630980144273654.png)'></span>日本曾将部分在缅甸和马来亚半岛北部占领地割让给暹罗<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697134/12786725/-5292630980144273654.png)'></span>至1945年8月15日日本战败投降<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697134/12786725/-5292630980144273654.png)'></span>暹罗随即在翌日宣布：「暹罗1942年1月25日对英美宣战宣言无效」<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697134/12786725/-5292630980144273654.png)'></span>暹罗的「宣战无效」宣言被同盟国承认<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134757413.png)'></span>

根据情报显示<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697134/12786725/-5292630980144273654.png)'></span>此次事件这个人负主要责任<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697139/12786725/1119087513986595787.png)'></span>他一直跟日本人来往密切<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697139/12786725/1119087513986595787.png)'></span>此人能当上暹罗的国防部长和陆军副总司令<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697139/12786725/1119087513986595787.png)'></span>其实里面有很多日本人的影子<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697139/12786725/1119087513986595787.png)'></span>他早就勾结上了日本人<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697139/12786725/1119087513986595787.png)'></span>而日本人也在为将来入侵做准备<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697139/12786725/1119087513986595787.png)'></span>也需要这么一个人<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697139/12786725/1119087513986595787.png)'></span>双方臭味相投<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134757413.png)'></span>

而离间华人和泰族本来就在銮披汶心中扎下了根<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697139/12786725/1119087513986595787.png)'></span>只不过要是没有王九龄到来<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697139/12786725/1119087513986595787.png)'></span>他全面实行“大泰族主义”要等到他组阁的时候<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697139/12786725/1119087513986595787.png)'></span>这次有日本人支持还有英国人支持<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697139/12786725/1119087513986595787.png)'></span>銮披汶有恃无恐<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697139/12786725/1119087513986595787.png)'></span>他已经是国防部长了<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697139/12786725/1119087513986595787.png)'></span>加上又是军队的陆军副总司令<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697139/12786725/1119087513986595787.png)'></span>没有人能把他怎么样<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134757413.png)'></span>

而针对华人的行动<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697139/12786725/1119087513986595787.png)'></span>和西康的行动<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697139/12786725/1119087513986595787.png)'></span>銮披汶认为不会给他带来什么危害<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697139/12786725/1119087513986595787.png)'></span>虽说王九龄他也听说过<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697139/12786725/1119087513986595787.png)'></span>可能有两把刷子<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697139/12786725/1119087513986595787.png)'></span>但是暹罗能在帝国主义的裂缝中生存下来<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697139/12786725/1119087513986595787.png)'></span>也是有他的优势的<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697139/12786725/1119087513986595787.png)'></span>何况这次世界最强大的英国和亚洲最强大的日本是站在他这一边<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697139/12786725/1119087513986595787.png)'></span>所以他更不觉得害怕<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134757413.png)'></span>

王九龄再厉害<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697139/12786725/1119087513986595787.png)'></span>实力摆在那里<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697139/12786725/1119087513986595787.png)'></span>别说日本和英国<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697139/12786725/1119087513986595787.png)'></span>就算是暹罗单独对抗王九龄<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697139/12786725/1119087513986595787.png)'></span>也不会输<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697139/12786725/1119087513986595787.png)'></span>顶多边境遭点灾<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697134/12786725/-5292630980144322556.png)'></span>

此时暹罗有一千五百万人口<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697139/12786725/1119087513986595787.png)'></span>各种各样的军队加起来有二十多万<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697139/12786725/1119087513986595787.png)'></span>三军齐全<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697139/12786725/1119087513986595787.png)'></span>空军的装备不差<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697144/12786725/-7459425347994658902.png)'></span>还有他们的工业能力经过改革不但能生产步枪<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697144/12786725/-7459425347994658902.png)'></span>火炮<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697144/12786725/-7459425347994658902.png)'></span>居然连装甲车都可以生产<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697144/12786725/-7459425347994658902.png)'></span>只不过是仿制<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697144/12786725/-7459425347994658902.png)'></span>现在暹罗的最新式坦克是1932年引进的英制维克斯6吨坦克<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697144/12786725/-7459425347994658902.png)'></span>这两年来也在不断的生产和仿制<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697144/12786725/-7459425347994658902.png)'></span>具体规模不是很清楚<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697144/12786725/-7459425347994658902.png)'></span>之前王九龄和情报部门的注意力全部放在缅甸<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697144/12786725/-7459425347994658902.png)'></span>泰国那边只是了解那边的大致情况<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697144/12786725/-7459425347994658902.png)'></span>直到今年得到了交趾才因为边界接壤加大了对暹罗的情报参透<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697134/12786725/-5292630980144322556.png)'></span>

毕竟这个国家在二战时期是加入了日本一行<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697144/12786725/-7459425347994658902.png)'></span>可能是没什么作为<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697144/12786725/-7459425347994658902.png)'></span>所以书上基本没提<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697144/12786725/-7459425347994658902.png)'></span>但是跟日本人一伙就是敌人<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697144/12786725/-7459425347994658902.png)'></span>尤其是领土还接壤<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697144/12786725/-7459425347994658902.png)'></span>等王九龄赢了法国人<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697144/12786725/-7459425347994658902.png)'></span>接管法属交趾和安南的时候<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697144/12786725/-7459425347994658902.png)'></span>那西边就就有几百上千公里的交界了<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697144/12786725/-7459425347994658902.png)'></span>不得不防<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697144/12786725/-7459425347994658902.png)'></span>这种国家捣乱的本事可是很厉害的<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697134/12786725/-5292630980144322556.png)'></span>

------国庆节快乐<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697144/12786725/-7459425347994658902.png)'></span>新的一月有开始了<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697144/12786725/-7459425347994658902.png)'></span>祝大家工作顺利<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697144/12786725/-7459425347994658902.png)'></span>天天被妞泡<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134806310.png)'></span>国庆四连发<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134806310.png)'></span><span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134806310.png)'></span><span class='character' style='background-image:url(/img/1349134697129/12786725/4438803390134806310.png)'></span>